India's 20 Satellites in Crowded Orbit Face Rising Collision Threat

Representative Image

Twenty of India’s 22 active satellites are in low Earth orbit (LEO) and face heightened collision risks due to space debris crowding, the government told Parliament on August 5, 2026. ISRO has already executed 29 collision avoidance manoeuvres (CAMs) in the past 18 months to protect these assets.

ISRO executed 20 CAMs in year 2025 and 9 in year 2026, till date. Thousands of satellites (Starlink, OneWeb, etc.) crowd LEO, increasing collision probability. Over 150,000 close approach alerts were evaluated by ISRO in 2025 alone.

A CAM is a controlled manoeuvre where a satellite’s orbit is slightly altered to avoid a predicted collision.A trigger is initiated when tracking systems (like ISRO’s MOTR radar or global alerts) detect a conjunction event — a close approach between two objects. The outcome of these CAMs is that the satellite is steered safely away from debris or another spacecraft, ensuring mission continuity.

Without CAMs, even a small debris fragment could destroy or disable a satellite. Each manoeuvre consumes fuel, shortening satellite lifespan — so CAMs are used only when risk is significant.

Key Facts from Parliament Briefing

• Satellites at risk: 20 Indian satellites in LEO (below 2,000 km altitude) are more vulnerable compared to geostationary satellites.
• Collision avoidance manoeuvres:
  • 2025: 20 CAMs executed
  • 2026 (till August): 9 CAMs executed
  • Total (last 18 months): 29 CAMs
• Tracking systems: Sriharikota MOTR radar tracks large LEO objects. Hanle optical telescope (Ladakh) under the NETRA project is nearing completion; will track objects ≥30 cm at GEO altitude.
• Policy framework: IN-SPACe is drafting guidelines on state liability and insurance for damages caused by Indian space objects.

India’s Global Role in Space Debris Mitigation

• Active participant in Inter-Agency Debris Coordination Committee (IADC), UN Long-Term Sustainability Working Group (UN-LTS), and International Astronautical Federation (IAF) debris groups.
• Contributed to revised IADC debris mitigation guidelines with technical inputs.
• Announced Debris-Free Space Mission (DFSM) in 2024, aiming for zero debris from Indian government and private missions.

Collision Risk Overview

Factor	Impact on Indian Satellites
Space debris density	LEO is the most crowded orbital zone (<2000 km).
Satellite population	20 of 22 active Indian satellites are in LEO.
Close approach alerts	ISRO evaluated 150,000+ alerts in 2025 alone.
Mitigation actions	29 CAMs executed in 18 months.
Tracking infrastructure	MOTR radar + upcoming NETRA optical telescope.

Risks & Challenges

• Collision probability rising as more satellites (including mega-constellations like Starlink and OneWeb) crowd LEO.
• Insurance & liability gaps remain unresolved; India is still finalizing its framework.
• Dependence on global alerts means India must strengthen indigenous tracking capacity.

What’s Next

• Hanle telescope completion will significantly improve India’s GEO monitoring.
• Policy adoption by IN-SPACe will clarify liability for third-party damages.
• Debris-Free Space Mission (DFSM) aims to set India apart as a responsible spacefaring nation.

TakeMe2Space's PowerBank‑50 Becomes Ist Space‑Proven Satellite Battery on Skyroot’s Vikram‑1

• Aboard Skyroot’s Historic Vikram-1, TakeMe2Space’s PowerBank-50 Becomes the First Made in India, Off the Shelf Satellite Battery to Earn Flight Heritage on a Private Indian Orbital Launch

The indigenously built, commercially available 50 Wh battery pack powered Cosmoserve Space’s experimental payload at a 450 km orbit aboard Skyroot’s Vikram-1 ‘Aagaman’, the first privately developed Indian rocket to reach orbit. With this flight, PowerBank-50 graduates from a tested product to a flight proven one, a distinction that defines the global satellite components market.

Hyderabad, India, 30 July 2026: TakeMe2Space today announced that its PowerBank-50 satellite battery pack is officially space proven, having successfully completed its first mission aboard Skyroot Aerospace’s Vikram-1 on its maiden flight, Mission ‘Aagaman’, launched from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota, on 18 July 2026.

The mission itself was a landmark for the nation. Vikram-1 became the first privately developed Indian rocket to reach orbit, making India only the third country in the world, after the United States and China, where a private company has achieved orbital launch capability. Riding on that historic flight, a single PowerBank-50 unit powered Cosmoserve Space’s experimental payload on the launch vehicle’s Orbital Adjustment Module (OAM) at an altitude of 450 km, performing exactly as designed through the violence of launch and the vacuum, radiation and temperature swings of space.

“Every satellite mission lives or dies by its power system, which is why nobody wants to be the first to fly a new battery. We are grateful that Cosmoserve trusted PowerBank-50 on a mission of this significance. Flying on the first private Indian rocket to reach orbit, and performing flawlessly at 450 km, is the strongest validation a product can earn. PowerBank-50 is now space proven, made in India, and ready for every satellite builder in the world,” said Ronak Kumar Samantray, Founder and CEO, TakeMe2Space.

Why “space proven” is the credential that matters

In the satellite industry, flight heritage is the hardest credential to earn and the first question every buyer asks. Satellite builders, launch providers and insurers are deeply reluctant to fly components that have never flown, because a single subsystem failure can end a multi crore mission. This creates a well known barrier for new suppliers: you cannot get heritage without flying, and you cannot fly without heritage. PowerBank-50 has now broken through that barrier.

The bar is highest of all for batteries. Batteries are among the most safety scrutinised components on any rocket, since they must survive intense launch vibration and shock, then operate reliably in vacuum through extreme hot and cold cycles every orbit. On this mission, PowerBank-50 validated its entire chain in the real environment: its high energy density lithium ion cells, its intelligent battery management system, its cell heaters and its aluminium flight enclosure. The product has moved from qualified on the ground to proven in orbit, the highest level of technology readiness.

For India’s fast growing small satellite ecosystem, this milestone means builders no longer need to depend on imported, long lead time battery packs to de-risk their missions. A flight proven power system is now designed, built and available off the shelf in India.

What this means for everyday life

Satellites quietly run much of daily life. The weather forecast before a farmer sows a crop, the maps that guide a delivery rider, cyclone warnings on the coast, television broadcasts and crop and water surveys all depend on satellites working around the clock. And every satellite has the same weakness: for a large part of every orbit it passes through Earth’s shadow, where its solar panels go dark. In those minutes, the battery alone keeps the satellite alive. If the battery fails, the satellite dies.

Until now, Indian satellite builders mostly had to import this critical component at high cost and long waiting times. A proven, affordable battery made in India lowers the cost of building satellites, which means more Indian startups, universities and students can put satellites in orbit. More satellites mean better forecasts, sharper disaster warnings, smarter farming and wider connectivity, built in India, for India and the world.

What is new about PowerBank-50

PowerBank-50 packs more than 50 Wh of energy storage into a unit the size of a paperback and the weight of a smartphone, at 380 grams. It uses cells with among the highest energy density available for small satellites, carries its own onboard intelligence that manages, balances and reports the health of the battery to operators on the ground, and keeps itself warm through the extreme cold of orbit. Packs can be stacked to power anything from a CubeSat to a microsatellite, with a mission life of up to 5 years in low Earth orbit.

Most importantly, it is available off the shelf today at ₹1,04,900, a fraction of the cost of comparable imported packs, so any satellite builder can now buy a flight proven, made in India power system without long import lead times. Full technical specifications are available on the product page.

About TakeMe2Space

TakeMe2Space is building next-generation orbital infrastructure focused on in-space computing,

data processing, and orbital data centers. Through its MOI constellation and space-based

computing platforms, the company is developing technologies that enable data to be processed,

analyzed, and distributed directly in orbit.

Media Contact:

Srishti Vatsa +91 98670 44794 srishti@moatglobal.com

Priya M +91 6363620273 priya@moatglobal.com

Intel Launches Starfire: AI‑Powered Chip to Transform Space Computing

Intel has unveiled Starfire, its first space‑grade chip built on the advanced Intel 18A process, designed to power AI workloads directly aboard satellites and spacecraft. The processor is engineered to withstand radiation, extreme temperatures, and long missions, marking Intel’s bold entry into the aerospace computing market.

Currently, most satellites and spacecraft use  radiation‑hardened processors like BAE Systems’ RAD750 and RAD5545, but newer missions are increasingly adopting commercial off‑the‑shelf (COTS) chips such as NVIDIA Jetson Orin and ARM‑based SoCs for AI workloads. NASA and Microchip are also developing next‑generation high‑performance spaceflight computing systems.

The space computing market has long relied on BAE Systems’ RAD750 and RAD5545, with Microchip developing NASA’s next‑gen processor. Starfire is Intel’s bid to disrupt this dominance.

Starfire chip was developed under Intel Government Technologies with strong alignment to U.S. defense and aerospace programs, but it is not restricted to government use alone. While U.S. manufacturing and security programs are central, Intel has signaled broader availability for international partners once qualification is complete.

Starfire is part of Pentagon‑linked initiatives like RAMP‑C and SHIP, ensuring trusted supply chains and radiation‑hardening standards. Intel has positioned Starfire for private operators who want onboard AI inference for navigation, imaging, and scientific data processing.

Starfire is designed first for U.S. government and defense applications, but Intel intends it to be a dual‑use technology — serving both national security and commercial satellite markets worldwide. Its U.S. manufacturing under the Trusted Foundry program ensures compliance with defense standards, while its AI capabilities make it attractive for global space operators.

Key Highlights of Intel’s Starfire Chip

• Space‑grade design: Built to survive radiation, thermal cycling, and 10+ year missions in orbit.
• AI acceleration: Up to 75 TOPS of performance via a three‑tile neural processing unit.
• CPU architecture: Eight cores (4 performance + 4 efficiency) on Intel’s 18A node.
• GPU integration: Four‑core Xe GPU with 64 execution units, built on Intel 3.
• Packaging: Uses Intel’s Foveros 3D stacking for compact, resilient design.
• Variants: Low‑power (10 W, up to 45 TOPS) and Performance (35 W, up to 75 TOPS).

Key Specs from Intel Starfire Datasheet

Feature	Details
CPU	8 cores (4 performance + 4 efficiency) on Intel 18A
GPU	4 Xe cores, 64 execution units (Intel 3)
NPU	3‑tile design, up to 75 TOPS
Memory	LPDDR5 / DDR5 support
Connectivity	12 PCIe Gen4 lanes
Thermal Range	−55°C to 125°C
Mission Life	10+ years

Source - Intel 

Comparison: Starfire vs Legacy Space Chips

Chip	Performance	Process Node	AI Capability	Mission Lifespan
Intel Starfire	Up to 75 TOPS	Intel 18A (CPU/NPU), Intel 3 (GPU)	Dedicated NPU for AI inference	10+ years
BAE RAD750	110–200 MHz	150–250 nm	None	Proven on Mars rovers
BAE RAD5545	Multi‑core, higher throughput	Mature node	Limited	Long‑duration missions
NASA/Microchip Next‑Gen	100× current throughput (in development)	TBD	AI‑ready	Future missions

Strategic Impact

• National Security: Aligns with U.S. government’s emphasis on space as a defense domain.
• Commercial Satellites: Enables autonomous navigation, onboard image processing, and scientific data analysis without ground reliance.
• Market Disruption: Competes with aerospace chips like BAE’s RAD750, offering modern AI capabilities.

Challenges & Risks

• Radiation qualification pending: Validation against total ionizing dose and single‑event effects still in progress.
• Yield concerns: Intel’s 18A node may face production yield issues until 2027.
• Adoption timeline: Engineering samples ship in Q3 2026, broader deployment post‑qualification.

Bottom Line

Intel’s Starfire chip represents a major leap in space computing, bringing modern AI and high‑performance processing into orbit. If radiation testing succeeds, it could redefine how satellites and spacecraft handle data, shifting from ground‑based reliance to autonomous, onboard intelligence.

Grahaa Space’s SOLARAS Completes Mission SIDDHI, Validates India’s Indigenous Stackable Nanosatellite Platform in Orbit

Grahaa Space, a spacetech startup building Earth observation nanosatellites and geospatial intelligence solutions, today announced the successful completion of Mission SIDDHI, with its technology demonstration nanosatellite SOLARAS achieving all planned objectives in low earth orbit (LEO).

SOLARAS successfully transmitted telemetry signals confirming healthy spacecraft operation, and it has been well received and verified by the SSPACE - Tarang ground station at IIST - Trivandrum. Multiple amateur ground stations worldwide also received the signals across successive passes, reaffirming the satellite's in-orbit performance.

The mission validated Grahaa Space's indigenous, stackable nanosatellite bus and platform, along with its onboard systems and subsystems, under real space conditions. SOLARAS also successfully transmitted payload data—an important milestone in the company's effort to build reliable, scalable nanosatellite technologies.

Grahaa Space Team 

Ramesh Kumar V, Co-founder & CEO, Grahaa Space, said, "Mission SIDDHI is a proud milestone for our team. We set out to prove that an indigenously designed nanosatellite platform could perform successfully in orbit, and SOLARAS has done exactly that. Our hearty gratitude to the entire Skyroot Aerospace team for deploying SOLARAS into its intended orbit during its maiden mission, STIIC at IIST for their support throughout development, qualification and post launch signal verification, IN-SPACe and ISRO for their continued handholding, guidance and support. We also thank the global amateur radio community for helping validate our telemetry. This is not just the completion of one mission—it's the foundation for many more, as we are building Earth observation nanosatellite technologies from India for the world."

Mission SIDDHI marks a key step toward Grahaa Space's vision of cost-efficient, scalable nanosatellite platforms delivering near-real-time geospatial video data from LEO. The in-orbit validation of its spacecraft systems strengthens the foundation for the company's upcoming Earth observation programmes and future commercial missions.

With Mission SIDDHI complete, Grahaa Space continues to advance indigenous satellite technologies, enabling faster, flexible, application-led space missions for government, enterprise, research, and academic stakeholders.

India Now the World’s 3rd Nation With Private Orbital Launch Capability

Image via ~ Skyroot@X

India has officially become the world’s third nation—after the U.S. and China—with private orbital launch capability, thanks to Skyroot Aerospace’s successful Vikram‑1 mission. This milestone not only elevates India’s private space sector but also positions it strongly in the booming global small‑satellite launch market.

A country with private rocket launch capability can fundamentally alter its trajectory in space, economics, and geopolitics. Economically, it enables the nation to participate in the commercial satellite launch market, attracting global contracts and fostering a thriving space startup ecosystem. This drives investment, creates high‑skill jobs, and strengthens domestic manufacturing chains.

The first private orbital launch in the United States came in 2008 when SpaceX successfully flew its Falcon 1 rocket into orbit. This was the first time a privately developed, liquid‑fueled rocket reached Earth orbit, proving that commercial firms could compete with national space agencies.

China followed in 2019 when iSpace launched its Hyperbola‑1 rocket, becoming the country’s first private company to place satellites into orbit. That success validated China’s emerging private space sector and encouraged rivals like LandSpace and Galactic Energy to accelerate their own programs.

Together, these milestones marked the beginning of a new era where private companies in both nations became central players in the global launch market, paving the way for India’s entry with Skyroot Aerospace in 2026.

Geopolitically, private launchers provide strategic autonomy by reducing reliance on foreign providers, allowing faster deployment of defense satellites and enhancing national security. They also increase a nation’s influence in space geopolitics, positioning it as a partner in international collaborations rather than a dependent participant.

Technologically, private firms often pioneer innovations such as reusable rockets and advanced propulsion systems. This accelerates space innovation and produces technology spinoffs that benefit industries beyond aerospace, from energy to healthcare.

Finally, in terms of market positioning, countries with private launch capability can offer affordable space access, making them attractive to small satellite operators worldwide. This secures a share in the rapidly expanding space economy and ensures long‑term competitiveness against established players like the U.S. and China.

In essence, private launch capability transforms a nation from being a space participant into a space enabler, driving growth, innovation, and global influence simultaneously.

India’s Breakthrough: Vikram‑1 and Skyroot Aerospace

• Founded in 2018 by ex‑ISRO engineers Pawan Kumar Chandana and Naga Bharath Daka, Skyroot Aerospace became India’s first space tech unicorn.
• Investors: Sherpalo Ventures, GIC, BlackRock funds, Playbook Partners, Arkam Ventures, and Greenko Group founders. Ram Shriram (Sherpalo, Alphabet board member) also joined Skyroot’s board.
• Government support: Enabled by the Indian Space Policy 2023 and IN‑SPACe reforms, leveraging ISRO’s infrastructure.
• Vikram‑1 Rocket: 22‑metre, four‑stage launch vehicle with carbon composites and 3D‑printed engines, capable of carrying 350 kg payloads to 450 km LEO.
• Mission Aagaman (July 18, 2026): Successfully deployed multiple payloads, including commercial and symbolic ones.

Global Private Orbital Launch Landscape

Country	Key Companies	Milestones
United States	SpaceX, Rocket Lab, Firefly Aerospace	SpaceX reached orbit in 2008; Rocket Lab in 2018; Firefly in 2021
China	iSpace, LandSpace	iSpace reached orbit in 2019; LandSpace succeeded in 2023 with methane‑fueled Zhuque‑2
Japan	Interstellar Technologies	Suborbital MOMO flights; orbital attempts ongoing
South Korea	Innospace	Suborbital launches; orbital rockets in development
India	Skyroot Aerospace, Agnikul Cosmos	Vikram‑1 orbital success (2026); Agnibaan in testing

Global Rocket Launch Market & Predictions

• Market Size: Global space economy projected to grow from $8 billion (India’s current share) to $44 billion by 2033.
• Trends: Rising demand for Earth observation, communication constellations, and defense satellites.
• Reusable rockets: SpaceX, Rocket Lab, and Bellatrix in India are reducing costs.
• Government backing: Worldwide support for domestic startups to secure independent access to space.
• India’s Advantage: Lower manufacturing costs, ISRO’s infrastructure, and private innovation give India a competitive edge.

Strategic Implications

• Commercial: Opens India’s private sector to global satellite contracts.
• Geopolitical: Strengthens India’s position in Asia’s space race, balancing China’s advances.
• Innovation: Demonstrates India’s ability to achieve orbital success on first attempt, unlike SpaceX’s early failures.

Grahaa Space Successfully Deploys SOLARAS Aboard Skyroot Aerospace's Vikram-1 Mission

Grahaa Space, a spacetech company focused on developing Earth observation nanosatellites and geospatial intelligence solutions, today announced the successful deployment of SOLARAS, its technology demonstration nanosatellite, aboard Skyroot Aerospace's Vikram-1 mission, launched from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC), Sriharikota. The achievement marks a major milestone for the company, taking Grahaa Space one step closer to enabling faster, modular and cost-effective access to space.

The mission, named SIDDHI, marks an important milestone in Grahaa Space's journey to build indigenous, stackable nanosatellite platforms that can be customized for various low earth orbit (LEO) missions. Designed and developed in India, SOLARAS has been built to validate Grahaa Space's stackable nanosatellite bus and platform, communication systems and hosted payload architecture. The mission represents the company's first in-orbit technology demonstration and lays the foundation for future Earth observation, commercial, scientific and institutional satellite missions.

The mission also carries VISWA-M, an academic research payload developed by VIT-AP University, Amaravati, showcasing the flexibility of Grahaa Space's hosted payload architecture in supporting academic, research and technology demonstration missions.

The company's long-term vision is to stream near-real-time geospatial video data that can be used for various on-ground missions.

Ramesh Kumar V, Co-founder & CEO, Grahaa Space, said: "Today is a defining moment for Grahaa Space. Watching SOLARAS successfully reach orbit is the culmination of years of engineering, perseverance and a shared vision of building world-class space technologies in India. This mission validates our indigenous nanosatellite platform and marks the beginning of an exciting new chapter for the company. We are grateful to Skyroot Aerospace for enabling this landmark mission and to our partners for their trust and collaboration. The success of SOLARAS strengthens our commitment to building scalable satellite platforms that make access to space faster, more affordable and more accessible for governments, enterprises, research institutions and the broader space ecosystem."

Following deployment, SOLARAS will undergo commissioning and in-orbit evaluation, during which Grahaa Space will assess the performance of its satellite platform and onboard systems. Insights from the mission will support the company's future missions.

With SOLARAS now in orbit, Grahaa Space continues to advance its vision of enabling faster, flexible and application-led satellite missions while strengthening India's growing private space ecosystem through indigenous satellite technologies.

India’s Skyroot Rockets Into History: Vikram‑1 Becomes Asia’s New Orbital Power

Skyroot Aerospace’s Vikram‑1 Test Flight‑1 has successfully reached orbit, marking India’s first privately developed orbital rocket launch. This achievement positions India as the third country globally with private orbital launch capability, alongside the U.S. and China.

Vikram‑1 Test Flight‑1 has soared into orbit, completing its final burn and deploying payloads into a ~450 km trajectory — a landmark that makes India the world’s third nation with private orbital launch capability.

India now joins the U.S. and China as the only countries where private companies have independently reached orbit.

China’s iSpace and LandSpace reached orbit earlier, but India’s first‑attempt success with Vikram‑1 is a powerful statement of reliability. Japan’s Interstellar Technologies has achieved suborbital flights but not yet orbital success, leaving India ahead in private orbital capability. South Korea’s Innospace is still in the suborbital phase, making India the clear leader among emerging Asian private space players.

On this historic milestone, India's Prime Minister, Narendra Modi through a social media post said – "Spoke to the team of Skyroot Aerospace and congratulated them on the successful launch of Vikram-1.

This is a defining moment in India’s space journey. The growing participation of our private sector is opening new frontiers and accelerating innovation.

This achievement will encourage countless youngsters to dream bigger and innovate fearlessly."

Skyroot' successful launch positions India to grow its space economy from $8B to $44B by 2033, with private launches as a cornerstone.
India is now the first Asian nation outside China to achieve private orbital launch success. Moreover, the achi further strengthens India’s role in the Asian space race, countering China’s rapid advances.

Background: From Vikram‑S to Vikram‑1

• Vikram‑S: Launched in November 2022 under Mission Prarambh, India’s first private suborbital rocket.
• Vikram‑1: Four‑stage carbon‑composite rocket with three solid‑fuel stages and a restartable liquid orbital adjustment module powered by a 3D‑printed engine. Payload capacity: up to 350 kg into 450 km LEO.
• Mission Aagaman: Launched July 18, 2026, from Sriharikota, carrying payloads from Grahaa Space, Cosmoserve, DCubed, Skyroot’s SCOPE, and symbolic art payloads like Cosmic Bloom.

India’s Private Space Milestone

• Policy Reforms: Enabled by the Indian Space Policy 2023 and IN‑SPACe, opening the sector to private players.
• Economic Push: India aims to expand its space economy from $8 billion today to $44 billion by 2033.
• Global Standing: India now joins the U.S. and China as nations with private orbital launch capability.

Comparison: Asian Private Space Companies

Country	Key Companies	Milestones
India	Skyroot Aerospace	First private orbital launch (Vikram‑1, 2026)
China	iSpace, LandSpace	iSpace reached orbit in 2019; LandSpace succeeded in 2023 with methane‑fueled Zhuque‑2
Japan	Interstellar Technologies	Suborbital MOMO rocket flights; orbital attempts ongoing
South Korea	Innospace	Suborbital launches; developing orbital rockets
U.S.	SpaceX, Rocket Lab	SpaceX succeeded in 2008 after 3 failures; Rocket Lab reached orbit in 2018

Why Vikram‑1 Stands Out

• First‑Attempt Success: Unlike SpaceX’s Falcon‑1, which failed thrice before reaching orbit, Vikram‑1 succeeded on its maiden orbital attempt.
• Technological Edge: Lightweight composites, 3D‑printed engines, and modular design for rapid launches.
• Symbolic Payloads: Included a postcard from PM Modi inscribed “Vande Mataram,” highlighting national pride.

Strategic Implications

• Commercial: Opens India’s private sector to global satellite launch contracts.
• Geopolitical: Strengthens India’s position in Asia’s space race, balancing China’s rapid advances.
• Innovation: Demonstrates India’s ability to leapfrog challenges with first‑attempt orbital success.

India has vaulted into the top tier of global space innovators and established itself as Asia’s second private orbital power after China.

India's Ist Private Orbital Rocket, Skyroot's Vikram-1, Eyes Historic Lift Off of Its First Test Flight Tomorrow

Skyroot Aerospace's maiden test flight of Vikram-1 will attempt to launch from the first launch pad at SDSC-SHAR on 18 July at 11:30 AM. This will be the first time an orbital-class rocket, fully designed and developed by a private player, will attempt to fly from Indian soil. Concerned authorities have issued the necessary airspace and maritime notices, formally designating the restricted zones along Vikram-1's ascent and impact corridor for launch day.

This mission is called Mission Aagaman, marking the arrival of India's private sector in the global launch business.

We have done everything that could be done to test Vikram-1 on ground. On 18 July, we are eager to see how Vikram-1 performs in real flight environment for the first time. This is our first test flight, and we will be getting valuable data from it. This will be foundational to Skyroot's aspirations of establishing launch cadence. We are excited to see this through.
— Pawan Kumar Chandana, Co-founder & CEO, Skyroot Aerospace.

Vikram-1, will carry technology demonstration payloads from Grahaa Space, Cosmoserve, DCubed and Skyroot's own SCOPE, along with Cosmos Diamonds' artwork "Cosmic Bloom" and a micro-art piece.

"The small satellite launch market is deeply constrained on the supply side. At the same time, the demand for services enabled by satellites in space will only continue to grow, and that is where Skyroot's opportunity lies. The clearance of Vikram-1 for flight following rigorous testing is a defining milestone in India's space journey. This first test flight marks the beginning of Skyroot's aspiration to open space for all,” added Pawan.

Mission Aagaman, meaning “the arrival”, marks Skyroot’s second mission following the successful suborbital flight of Vikram-S, the first private rocket to reach space from Indian soil, on 18 November 2022.

What we are aiming to do on 18 July is bigger than a single launch. It represents the hopes and hard work of around 1,000 people, the contributions of over 400 suppliers, and nearly 3,000 days of resolve to build a global offering from India. This test flight will show us how every technology we have developed over the years performs in real-world conditions. With the in-flight data gathered from this mission, we will return to the shop floor to learn, improve, and build further. This test flight is the first step towards creating a reliable, on-demand launch company for the world from India. — Naga Bharath Daka, Co-founder & COO, Skyroot Aerospace

All stages of Skyroot's Vikram-1 have been successfully integrated and stacked on the launch pad. Following which, the final integrated checks of the vehicle on the launch pad from Skyroot’s launch control centre have been completed along with the interface checks with all the telemetry ground stations and tracking radars.

Vikram-1 is a seven-storey-tall, multi-stage orbital launch vehicle built with an all-carbon composite structure and powered by in-house developed propulsion systems, including 3D-printed engines and high-thrust solid-fuel rocket boosters. Designed to carry small satellites weighing up to 350 kg to Low Earth Orbit (LEO), its first test flight is targeting a 450 km orbit at 60° inclination.

Meghalaya's NESAC Driving Northeast’s Growth with Space Technology

Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh has reaffirmed that the North Eastern Space Applications Centre (NESAC) in Meghalaya has become a vital institution, supporting both India’s strategic priorities and the socio-economic development of the Northeast through advanced space technology. His visit on July 14, 2026, highlighted NESAC’s role in border mapping, disaster management, agriculture, and governance.

The North Eastern Space Applications Centre (NESAC) is a premier institution under the Department of Space, Government of India, established in 2000 as a joint initiative with the North Eastern Council. It provides space technology support for development, governance, and disaster management across the eight Northeastern states. 

NESAC’s Strategic and Developmental Role

• Geospatial Mapping: Satellite-driven mapping of the India–Myanmar border and inter-State boundaries in the Northeast.
• Technology-Driven Projects: Agriculture, forestry, water resources, geosciences, urban planning, UAV applications, satellite communication, and disaster management.
• Project Portfolio: Nearly 130 projects, including 50 completed and 78 ongoing initiatives.

Key Initiatives Highlighted

• Bamboo Mapping Programme: Collaboration with NECBDC and State Governments to strengthen the bamboo value chain and create sustainable livelihoods.
• Flood Early Warning System: Enhancing precision and location-specific capability to provide timely alerts to vulnerable communities.
• Water Harvesting Models: Wider adoption of successful models, including the Ramakrishna Mission initiative in Cherrapunjee.
• GeoTourism Dashboard ‘ManzilNE’: Promoting the Northeast’s natural, ecological, and cultural heritage with private sector participation.

Broader Impact

• Bridge Between Science and Governance: Space technology as a tool for planning, governance, resource management, and public service delivery.
• Collaborative Approach: Partnerships with Central Ministries, State Governments, academia, start-ups, and private industry.
• National Priorities: Supporting strategically important border regions with geospatial capabilities.

NESAC Project Portfolio

Category	Projects
Completed	50
Ongoing	78
Total	128+

Conclusion

Dr. Jitendra Singh underscored that under Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s leadership, the Northeast has become one of India’s most dynamic growth frontiers. With science and technology as enablers of inclusive development, NESAC is poised to play a pivotal role in governance, disaster resilience, sustainable resource management, and regional prosperity.

India’s Antariksh Fund Picks Dhruva Space as First Bet

Dhruva Space has become the first company to secure funding from India’s new sovereign space-tech fund, Antariksh Venture Capital Fund (AVCF), landing ₹60 crore to expand satellite manufacturing, infrastructure, and mission capabilities. The AVCF, anchored by IN-SPACe and managed by SIDBI Venture Capital, has a corpus of ₹1,600 crore.

Launched in November 2025, the Antariksh Venture Capital Fund (AVCF) is India’s first dedicated sovereign space‑tech fund, anchored by IN‑SPACe under the Department of Space and managed by SIDBI Venture Capital Ltd. With a corpus of around ₹1,600 crore, it aims to provide institutional capital to private space startups at different stages of growth, helping them scale operations, commercialize technologies, and strengthen India’s global space ambitions. 

The fund has recently completed its institutional setup, in April this year. With Dhruva Space, the space tech fund has begun investing in spacetech startups earlier than expected time of first quarter of FY2027. 

Key Highlights of the Deal

• First AVCF investment: Dhruva Space is the maiden recipient of the fund, marking a milestone in India’s private space ecosystem.
• Funding amount: ₹60 crore deployed into Dhruva Space.
• Fund corpus: AVCF established with ₹1,600 crore to back space-tech startups.
• Pre-Series B round: Dhruva’s ongoing round now totals ₹275 crore (₹150 crore equity + ₹125 crore debt).
• Order book: Exceeds ₹500 crore across satellite platforms, infrastructure, and mission services.
• Strategic focus: Funds will accelerate satellite manufacturing, infrastructure development, and critical technology advancement.

Why This Matters

• Boost to India’s private space sector: The investment signals confidence in startups capable of integrating innovation, manufacturing, mission execution, and commercial deployment.
• Strengthening sovereign capabilities: Dhruva Space aims to build indigenous space solutions, aligning with India’s ambition to become a global space hub.
• Global competitiveness: The capital will help Dhruva execute international customer programs, positioning India as a serious player in commercial space.

Snapshot Table

Aspect	Details
Investor	Antariksh Venture Capital Fund (AVCF), anchored by IN-SPACe, managed by SIDBI Venture Capital
Investment	₹60 crore
Fund Corpus	₹1,600 crore
Round Status	Pre-Series B: ₹275 crore (₹150 crore equity + ₹125 crore debt)
Order Book	₹500+ crore
Use of Funds	Satellite manufacturing, infrastructure, critical tech, customer programs

Risks & Trade-offs

• Execution risk: Scaling manufacturing and infrastructure requires flawless execution; delays could impact credibility.
• Global competition: Dhruva faces rivals from established players in the U.S. and Europe.
• Capital intensity: Space-tech demands continuous funding; ₹60 crore is significant but may need follow-on rounds.

India’s HEX20 Sends KOYO Satellite on Global Test Ride in Space

Thiruvananthapuram-based startup HEX20 has successfully launched its second satellite, KOYO, aboard SpaceX’s Transporter-17 mission on July 7, 2026. The satellite is now conducting “test rides” in orbit, validating international payloads like Taiwan’s gyroscope and a U.S.-developed programmable power system.

HEX20's spacecraft Kinetic Optical Yaw Observer (KOYO) developed for National Central University of Taiwan was launched by SpaceX Transporter-17 last week.

SpaceX officially confirmed the successful launch of its Transporter‑17 rideshare mission on July 7, 2026, carrying 81 payloads — including HEX20’s KOYO satellite for Taiwan’s National Central University. The Falcon 9 lifted off from Vandenberg Space Force Base at 3:12 a.m. Eastern, with all deployments completed by 6:08 a.m. ET.

It may be recalled that HEX20’s previous launch was the NILA satellite mission in 2025, which marked the company’s debut in space operations. NILA was essentially HEX20’s proof-of-concept mission, laying the foundation for KOYO and the company’s upcoming constellation of satellites. It demonstrated that a small Kerala-based startup could deliver end-to-end satellite missions with global relevance.

Key Highlights of KOYO’s Mission

• Launch Date & Vehicle: July 7, 2026, via SpaceX Transporter-17.
• Developer: HEX20, a Thiruvananthapuram-based private space-tech startup.
• Purpose: Acts as a “test bus” for international payloads, providing space qualification for devices before they are used in larger missions.

Payloads & Experiments

• Fiber‑Optic Gyroscope (FOG): Developed by Aegiverse, Taiwan, this experiment measures angular velocity and helps validate precision attitude control for small satellites.
• Configurable Power System (CPS): Built by Amplified Space, USA, it allows remote reconfiguration of voltage and current parameters for payloads in orbit.
• Digipeater Payload: Amateur radio payload from Taiwan’s National Central University, enabling two‑way communication tests and data relay.
• Solar Cell Qualification Module: From ET Space Power, Taiwan, integrated into HEX20’s custom solar panel assembly to test efficiency and degradation in low‑Earth orbit.

Mission Role

• Multi‑Payload Test Bus: KOYO provides real‑time telemetry and command validation for partner institutions.
• Sequential Operation: Each payload is operated independently during commissioning to ensure accurate data collection and fault isolation.

This payloads list reflects the official payload lineup verified by HEX20 and Technopark Kerala. It demonstrates the satellite’s role as a global collaborative platform for space qualification — bridging Indian engineering with Taiwanese and American research payloads.

Strategic Importance

• Space Qualification: Devices tested on KOYO receive certification proving they can function reliably in space.
• Kerala’s Space Sector: HEX20’s success highlights Thiruvananthapuram as a hub for private space innovation, leveraging local ISRO/VSSC expertise.
• Global Partnerships: Collaboration with Taiwan and U.S. firms positions HEX20 as a trusted mission partner.

What’s Next for HEX20

Mission	Objective
NILA III	CubeSat for propulsion system qualification
SAISI	Ship identification satellite for Taiwan
COSPAR-1	Space weather measurement mission
MAYA-V1	Inspired by comic character Mayavi
DINK-N1	Imaging satellite weighing 30–35 kg
Asteroid Belt Mission	Lander module for UAE’s deep space program

Source - The Hindu

Risks & Challenges

• Operational Reliability: Devices may work on Earth but fail in orbit; KOYO mitigates this risk by providing real-world validation.
• Funding & Ecosystem: Kerala’s private space sector is still nascent; sustained investment and policy support are critical.
• Global Competition: HEX20 must compete with established satellite integrators worldwide.

Takeaway

KOYO’s success is a milestone for India’s private space industry, especially Kerala, proving that small startups can deliver globally relevant missions. HEX20 is positioning itself as a key player in satellite validation and mission integration, with ambitious plans for Earth observation and deep-space exploration.

India Advances Human Spaceflight with SOLVE Ground Trial

Photographic view during the Static Test of SOLVE-ST01

ISRO has successfully conducted the first ground test of its new Sub-Orbital Launch Vehicle for Experiments (SOLVE) solid motor on July 3, 2026, at Sriharikota — a critical step for validating the parachute-based deceleration system of the Gaganyaan Crew Module.

ISRO confirmed that the Sub‑Orbital Launch Vehicle for Experiments (SOLVE) solid motor was tested at Sriharikota, meeting all expected performance parameters.

This milestone strengthens India’s human spaceflight program by enabling flexible test missions under varied conditions.

Key Highlights of the SOLVE Ground Test

• Date & Location: July 3, 2026, at Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota
• Purpose: To validate the Integrated Parachute Tests for the Gaganyaan Crew Module’s deceleration system
• Altitude Simulation: Crew Module will be carried to 10–17 km altitude, separated, and slowed using 10 parachutes before splashdown
• Motor Design: Derived from the PSLV strap-on motor, modified with:
  • Slow burn rate propellant
  • Straight nozzle
  • Secondary injection thrust vector control
• Performance: Motor parameters matched expectations, confirming readiness for further test missions

Significance for Gaganyaan Mission

• Human Spaceflight Readiness: SOLVE provides a dedicated test platform to simulate real mission conditions for crew safety
• Flexibility: Enables ISRO to conduct multiple test missions without relying on full-scale rockets
• Safety Validation: Ensures the parachute system can reliably decelerate the crew module during re-entry and splashdown
• Next Steps: Supports the upcoming uncrewed Gaganyaan mission, central to India’s plan to send astronauts to 400 km orbit for 3 days

Comparison: SOLVE vs Other ISRO Test Platforms

Test Platform	Purpose	Key Feature
SOLVE	Parachute deceleration validation for Gaganyaan	PSLV-derived solid motor, parachute deployment
IADT	Air Drop Tests for crew module	High-altitude drop with parachute deployment
MITRA	Behavioral study of astronauts	Psychological & physiological assessment in Leh
Semi-Cryogenic Engine	Propulsion upgrade for LVM3	175-ton thrust test for SE2000 engine

Challenges & Risks

• Schedule Delays: The first uncrewed Gaganyaan mission has been postponed
• Complex Integration: Ensuring parachute deployment works under all atmospheric conditions is critical
• Human Safety: Every test must guarantee crew survival systems before India attempts its first manned mission

India’s First Private Orbital Rocket, Skyroot’s Vikram-1, to Launch Between July 12 and August 4

The mission is named Aagaman, Sanskrit for "Arrival". It marks the arrival of India's private orbital launch capability for the world. The primary objective of capturing critical flight data foundational to creating a high-cadence, on-demand launch capability for the fast-growing global space economy.

Skyroot's Vikram-1 Launch Vehicle Fully Stacked at First Launch Pad at SDSC-SHAR

Skyroot Aerospace today announced the opening of the launch window for the maiden test flight of its Vikram-1 launch vehicle — India’s first privately developed orbital-class rocket. Test Flight-1 is targeted for no earlier than July 12, subject to the completion of assembly and testing operations at the launch site in SDSC-SHAR, Sriharikota, and weather, safety, and range clearance. The window extends till 4 August.

The single most important objective of Mission Aagaman is to capture the real in-flight performance data from every system on Vikram-1. We want to understand how the vehicle performs from lift-off through every phase of ascent. This data cannot be fully replicated through ground testing. It will help us validate our designs and inform subsequent vehicle development as we build a reliable, high-cadence commercial launch programme. The moment Vikram-1 lifts off, India's private space industry will cross a threshold it has never crossed before.

— Pawan Kumar Chandana, Co-founder & CEO, Skyroot Aerospace.

Mission Aagaman, meaning “the arrival”, marks Skyroot’s second mission following the successful suborbital flight of Vikram-S, the first private rocket to reach space from Indian soil, on 18 November 2022.

This will be partially commercial flight, with the company planning to commence full commercial flights after one or two successful demonstrations to orbit. Joining the test flight is a mix of domestic and international customers.

From a dream to build a launch vehicle in India to now attempting an orbital flight has been a journey like no other. With Vikram-S in 2022, we validated the foundation of our technology stack; With Vikram-1, we take our biggest step, yet toward a reliable, high-cadence launch programme built in India, for India and the world. This mission is designed as both a technology demonstration and a learning mission. This has been made possible by the collective confidence of the Government of India, IN-SPACe, ISRO, our investors, our customers and a dedicated team of 1000+ individuals.

— Naga Bharath Daka, Co-founder & COO, Skyroot Aerospace

All stages of Skyroot's Vikram-1 have been successfully integrated and stacked at the launch pad.

The mission will gather critical data across propulsion, stage separation, guidance, navigation, control and overall vehicle performance, supporting the evolution of Skyroot into a commercially operational launch company.

Vikram-1 is a seven-storey-tall, multi-stage orbital launch vehicle built with an all-carbon composite structure and powered by in-house developed propulsion systems, including 3D-printed engines and high-thrust solid-fuel rocket boosters. Designed to carry small satellites weighing up to 350 kg to Low Earth Orbit (LEO), Vikram-1's maiden mission will target an orbit at an altitude of 450 km with a 60-degree orbital inclination. The flight-ready rocket was unveiled by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi in November 2025 during the inauguration of Skyroot’s Infinity campus.

For India, the ability to reach orbit reliably and frequently is a strategic capability that only a handful of nations possess. Today, access to space remains a major bottleneck, with satellite operators often waiting months or even years for a launch opportunity. Backed by IN-SPACe's efforts to open India's space sector and ISRO's technical infrastructure, Skyroot's Cab to Space model aims to provide dedicated and precise access to orbit.

Satellites support services that millions rely on every day, from agriculture and fisheries to disaster management, communications, connectivity, navigation and national security. Frequent and affordable access to orbit is what enables these capabilities to be built and scaled within India.

The economic opportunity is equally significant. India's space economy is expected to grow from around USD 8.4 billion today to USD 44 billion by 2033. Indigenous launch capability will be a critical enabler of this growth, unlocking opportunities for India's rapidly expanding private space ecosystem. The emergence of companies such as Skyroot, India's first spacetech unicorn, signals both the scale of investor confidence in the sector and the growing maturity of the country's commercial space ambitions.

About Skyroot Aerospace

Skyroot Aerospace is a private space launch company, building the Vikram-series of launch vehicles to provide on-demand and dedicated access to space for small satellite operators worldwide.

Founded by Pawan Kumar Chandana and Naga Bharath Daka, the company aims to democratize space access by designing, developing and launching a family of launch vehicles.

Skyroot made history in 2022 with the launch of Vikram-S, India's first privately built rocket to reach space. The company is now preparing for the maiden flight of Vikram-1, its orbital launch vehicle, which will mark India's first private attempt at an orbital mission.

Vikram-1 is designed to deploy small satellites of up to 350 kg to Low Earth orbit. Built with an all-carbon composite structure and powered by in-house developed solid and liquid propulsion systems — including 3D-printed engines — the rocket is engineered for rapid manufacturing and high launch cadence. Skyroot's technology stack spans carbon composite rocket structure, and solid (Kalam series), liquid (Raman series), and cryogenic (Dhawan series) propulsion systems, all developed in-house at its 250,000 sq. ft. Max-Q and Infinity campuses in Hyderabad, Telangana.

Valued at over USD 1.1 billion, Skyroot is backed by marquee global investors including GIC, Temasek, Sherpalo Ventures, and funds managed by Blackrock. Its mission: to make spaceflight as regular, reliable, and affordable as air travel — Opening Space for All.

Humanity’s Farthest Signal: Voyager 1 Hits One Light-Day

NASA has confirmed that Voyager 1 will reach a distance of one light-day from Earth on November 18, 2026, making it the first human-made spacecraft to achieve this milestone. At that point, signals will take a full 24 hours to travel between Earth and the probe.

Voyager 1 was launched by NASA on September 5, 1977, at 12:56 UTC from Cape Canaveral, Florida, aboard a Titan IIIE rocket. It was part of the Voyager program, designed to explore the outer planets and eventually interstellar space.

Voyager 1 is the most distant human-made object, traveling toward the constellation Ophiuchus. It carries a phonograph record with sounds, images, and music representing Earth’s diversity.

Voyager 1 entered interstellar space on August 25, 2012.

The Milestone

• Exact Date & Time: November 18, 2026, at 2:16:07 AM PST (10:16:07 AM UTC / 12:16:07 AM CST)
• Distance: ~16.1 billion miles (25.9 billion km), equal to 173.14 astronomical units (AU)
• Speed: Voyager 1 is traveling at ~79,960 mph (128,700 km/h)
• Signal Delay: Commands from Earth will take 24 hours to reach Voyager 1, and another 24 hours for data to return

Voyager 1’s Journey

• Launch: September 5, 1977, from Cape Canaveral
• Planetary Encounters: Discovered active volcanoes on Jupiter’s moon Io; revealed Saturn’s rings; studied Titan’s atmosphere
• Interstellar Crossing: Entered interstellar space on August 25, 2012, after crossing the heliopause
• Trajectory: Voyager 1 is headed toward the constellation Ophiuchus, moving “up” out of the solar plane

Voyager Program Legacy

• Voyager 2: Launched earlier in 1977, visited all four gas giants (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune). It is ~2 billion miles closer to Earth and moving slower, so it will never catch up
• Golden Record: Both spacecraft carry a phonograph record with sounds, music, and images representing Earth’s diversity — a symbolic message to extraterrestrial civilizations
• Longevity Efforts: NASA engineers are shutting down non-essential instruments to conserve power. In 2025, the Cosmic Ray Subsystem was turned off. Future interventions are planned to extend the mission

Why It Matters

• Scientific Value: Voyager 1 continues to send back data about the interstellar medium, helping scientists understand the boundary between our solar system and deep space
• Cultural Impact: This milestone highlights humanity’s ability to send technology beyond its cradle, inspiring future missions like interstellar probes and deep space exploration
• Symbolism: Voyager 1 remains humanity’s most distant emissary, carrying our story across the stars

Key Figures

Aspect	Details
Distance	16.1 billion miles (25.9 billion km)
Astronomical Units	173.14 AU
Speed	79,960 mph (128,700 km/h)
Signal Delay	24 hours one-way

Cryogenic Pioneer N. Jayan to Head ISRO’s Propulsion Centre

ISRO has appointed eminent aerospace engineer N. Jayan, architect of the CE20 cryogenic engine, as the new Director of the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC), a critical hub for India’s advanced propulsion systems. He will assume charge on July 1, 2026, marking a major leadership transition in ISRO’s propulsion program.

N. Jayan has served as Project Director, overseeing the indigenous development of India’s cryogenic propulsion technology, which was a breakthrough in self-reliance for space transportation. He led the team that successfully developed the CE20 engine powering LVM3 (GSLV Mk III), enabling India’s heaviest rocket to launch complex satellites and crewed missions.

As Project Director, he spearheaded ISRO’s future heavy-lift rocket program, positioning India for deep-space exploration and commercial competitiveness.

Today, CE20 powers the Cryogenic Upper Stage (C25) of India’s heaviest rocket LVM3, enabling payloads up to 4 tonnes to GTO and 10 tonnes to LEO (Low Earth Orbit), enabling payloads up to 4 tonnes to GTO and 10 tonnes to LEO.

Key Highlights of the Appointment

• N. Jayan: Senior scientist and propulsion expert, pivotal in developing the CE20 cryogenic engine that powers the LVM3 (formerly GSLV Mk III).
• New Role: Director of Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC), Thiruvananthapuram.
• Effective Date: July 1, 2026.
• Career Milestones: Associate Director, LPSC; Project Director, Cryogenic Stage Project; Project Director, Next Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV) at VSSC.
• Awards: Recipient of the Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskar (2025), India’s highest science honor.

Significance for ISRO

• Strengthening Propulsion Leadership: LPSC is responsible for liquid, cryogenic, and advanced propulsion systems—the backbone of India’s launch vehicles.
• Indigenous Capability: Jayan’s leadership in CE20 development enhanced India’s self-reliance in cryogenic technology, enabling complex missions including human spaceflight.
• Future Roadmap: His role in the NGLV project positions ISRO to advance next-generation heavy-lift capabilities, crucial for deep-space exploration and commercial launches.

Quick Comparison: CE20 Engine & LPSC Role

CE20 Engine	LPSC
Developed under Jayan’s leadership	Now headed by Jayan
Powers LVM3/GSLV Mk III	Designs liquid & cryogenic propulsion systems
Indigenous cryogenic breakthrough	Supports all major ISRO launch vehicles
Enabled complex satellite & crewed missions	Critical to India’s space self-reliance

What This Means for India’s Space Program

• Boost to Human Spaceflight: CE20’s reliability underpins Gaganyaan missions.
• Payload Expansion: LPSC’s innovations will support higher payload capacity for LVM3 and future NGLVs.
• Global Competitiveness: Strengthens India’s position in the commercial launch market, competing with SpaceX and Arianespace.

ISRO Achieves 175‑Tonne Semi‑Cryogenic Engine Hot Test, Paving Path to 200‑Tonne Thrust for LVM3 Upgrade

ISRO has achieved a major milestone by successfully conducting a hot test of its Semi‑Cryogenic Engine Power Head Test Article (PHTA) at 175‑tonne thrust on June 24, 2026, at the ISRO Propulsion Complex, Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu. This test marks a crucial step toward full‑scale 200‑tonne thrust capability, strengthening India’s indigenous launch vehicle technology.

Notably, the Semi‑cryogenic engines use liquid oxygen (LOX) and isrosene (purified kerosene), which are cleaner and more efficient than older toxic fuels.

A full‑scale 200‑tonne thrust rocket engine means the engine can push with a force equal to lifting about 200 tonnes (200,000 kilograms) straight off the ground — imagine the weight of 130 cars being lifted at once. It’s the raw “push power” that propels a massive rocket skyward.

A 200‑tonne thrust class engine puts ISRO in the league of agencies like NASA and Roscosmos, which use similar high‑power engines for heavy‑lift missions.

ISRO Achieves 175‑Tonne Semi‑Cryogenic Engine Hot Test

Key Highlights of the Test

• Date & Location: June 24, 2026, at ISRO Propulsion Complex (IPRC), Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu
• Thrust Level: Achieved 175 tonnes (88%) thrust, up from earlier tests at 94 tonnes (47%) and 120 tonnes (60%)
• Engine Systems: PHTA includes all engine subsystems except the thrust chamber
• Performance: Demonstrated successful operation of main turbopumps delivering 400 and 500 bar outlet pressures
• Outcome: All parameters matched predictions, providing confidence for the upcoming 200‑tonne (100%) thrust test

Strategic Importance

• Indigenous Development: Strengthens India’s self‑reliance in advanced propulsion systems
• SC120 Stage: Powered by the 2000 kN‑class SE2000 engine, will replace the current L110 core stage of the LVM3 launch vehicle
• Payload Boost: Expected to substantially increase payload capacity and enhance operational efficiency
• Cleaner Propellants: Uses Liquid Oxygen (LOX) and purified kerosene (isrosene), which are non‑toxic and more efficient

Roadmap for LVM3

• Integration Plan: Semi‑cryogenic propulsion will be paired with an uprated cryogenic upper stage
• Capability Expansion: Enhances LVM3’s payload capacity for heavier satellites and deep‑space missions
• Global Competitiveness: Positions ISRO alongside leading space agencies using semi‑cryogenic systems

Technical Milestones Achieved

Test Phase	Thrust Level	Key Achievements
Initial Tests	94 Tonne (47%)	Validated ignition build‑up
Mid‑Stage Tests	120 Tonne (60%)	Stable operation at higher thrust
Latest Test	175 Tonne (88%)	Turbopumps at 400–500 bar, steady state
Next Target	200 Tonne (100%)	Full engine demonstration

Broader Impact

• National Security & Economy: Enhances India’s ability to launch heavier payloads for defense, communication, and commercial satellites
• Sustainability: Cleaner fuels reduce environmental risks compared to hypergolic propellants
• Global Market: Strengthens India’s competitiveness in the international satellite launch market

This achievement is a critical step in ISRO’s roadmap toward advanced propulsion systems and expanded launch capabilities.

India Pushes BRICS Space Alliance as Strategic Global Growth Driver

Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh pitched the idea of a BRICS Space Economy as the next frontier of global growth, urging member nations to embrace collective action to unlock new opportunities in innovation, investment, entrepreneurship, and sustainable development.

The future of the space economy will not be shaped by nations working in isolation. It will be shaped by partnerships, shared innovation and collective ambition. - Dr. Jitendra Singh 

Dr. Jitendra Singh said the BRICS Remote Sensing Satellite Constellation has already demonstrated the value of collaborative space applications through satellite data sharing among member countries. He expressed confidence that ongoing discussions on institutional mechanisms, including the proposed BRICS Space Council, would provide greater momentum and continuity to future cooperation in the space sector.

Key Highlights of the Meeting

• Indian Space Industry Brochure released, showcasing the country’s growing NewSpace sector.
• Exchange of mementoes and interactions with Indian startups and private enterprises.
• Participation from Brazil, China, Egypt, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Iran, Russia, South Africa, and the UAE under India’s BRICS Chairship 2026.
• Deliberations on space sustainability, debris‑free missions, strengthening the BRICS Remote Sensing Satellite Constellation (RSSC), and advancing discussions on the proposed BRICS Space Council.
• Collaboration prospects in disaster management, Earth observation, capacity building, and knowledge sharing.

India’s Space Achievements

India’s transformative reforms in the space sector have opened unprecedented opportunities for private industry, startups, academia, and global partnerships. Landmark missions such as Chandrayaan‑3, Aditya‑L1, and the ongoing Gaganyaan mission were cited as examples of India’s expanding frontiers in science and technology.

Sustainability and Global Challenges

The Minister stressed that the long‑term future of space activities depends on preserving outer space as a safe, secure, and sustainable domain. He welcomed discussions on debris‑free missions and sustainable operations as vital steps toward safeguarding the space environment for future generations.
He also linked space technology to solutions for pressing global challenges such as climate change, disaster preparedness, food and water security, and sustainable urbanization.

From Coordination to Co‑Creation

Calling for a more ambitious vision, Dr. Singh urged BRICS nations to move beyond consultation toward co‑development, co‑innovation, and co‑creation. By bringing together scientists, engineers, industries, startups, and young innovators, BRICS can develop solutions for global challenges, create new economic opportunities, and build a stronger framework for scientific advancement and shared prosperity.

Conclusion

India reaffirmed its commitment to working closely with BRICS partners to transform shared aspirations into concrete outcomes. Dr. Singh’s vision positions space not only as a driver of economic growth but also as a powerful force for resilience, sustainability, and international cooperation.

Secret Saucer in Space: Is SpaceX's Starfall a Defense Gamechanger?

SpaceX has quietly launched a new saucer-shaped spacecraft dubbed as Starfall, a compact reentry capsule designed for rapid cargo delivery and in-space manufacturing. The mission was unusually secretive, fueling speculation about military involvement.

According to SpaceNews, a Falcon 9 lifted off at 6:53 a.m. Eastern from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station’s Space Launch Complex 40 on what SpaceX called its Starfall Demo mission.

SpaceX said in a post on X, "Today’s mission includes a demo of a new vehicle that will enable affordable, routine access to the microgravity environment for scientific research and in-space manufacturing. After demonstrating controlled flight, the spacecraft will splash down in the Pacific Ocean. "

Key Facts About Starfall

• Launch Date & Location: June 23, 2026, aboard a Falcon 9 rocket from Cape Canaveral’s Space Force Station.
• Design: Disk-shaped capsule, 3.1 meters wide, 0.75 meters tall, weighing ~2,100 kg.
• Payload Capacity: Up to 1,000 kg of cargo, including scientific experiments and manufactured materials.
• Propulsion: No traditional engines; uses cold-gas thrusters for orientation during re-entry.
• Recovery: Capsule splashes down in the Pacific Ocean, retrieved by recovery teams.

Why the Secrecy?

• Military Links: The Pentagon has long explored rapid orbital cargo delivery. Starfall could support Project Cargo, a Defense Department initiative for global supply drops.
• Limited Livestream: SpaceX cut off its webcast after the initial launch, unlike its usual full coverage.
• Unconfirmed Recovery: SpaceX only posted “Deployment of Starfall confirmed,” without details on reentry survival.

Civilian Applications

• Microgravity Research: Starfall doubles as a microgravity lab, enabling startups and researchers to test products in orbit.
• Space Manufacturing: Supports industries like pharma, advanced materials, and semiconductors, where microgravity can improve product quality.
• Rapid Cargo Delivery: Potential to deliver goods globally faster than conventional transport.

Possible Challenges

• Unproven Viability: Large-scale space manufacturing remains experimental; profitability is uncertain.
• Defense Concerns: If militarized, Starfall could be used for munitions delivery, raising geopolitical tensions.
• Recovery Precision: Ocean splashdowns demand high accuracy; failures could risk cargo loss.

Comparison: Starfall vs Dragon

Starfall	Dragon
3.1m wide, 0.75m tall	Larger, crew-capable
2,100 kg dry mass	~9,500 kg dry mass
1,000 kg payload	Up to 6,000 kg payload
No propulsion, cold-gas thrusters	Full propulsion system
Ocean splashdown only	Docking with ISS, runway landings
Focus: cargo & manufacturing	Focus: crew & cargo transport