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Satellite‑based augmentation systems (SBAS) are designed to work together, enabling seamless navigation across continents. LPV approaches reduce diversions, cancellations, and fuel burn.
Several countries already operate or are developing satellite‑based augmentation systems (SBAS) similar to India’s GAGAN, enabling satellite‑guided precision landings. The U.S., Europe, Japan, Canada, Russia, China, South Korea, Australia, and New Zealand are among the leaders.
What Happened
- Aircraft: IndiGo Airbus A320
- Date: June 27, 2026
- Location: Udaipur Airport
- System Used: GAGAN (GPS-Aided GEO Augmented Navigation)
- Approach Type: LPV (Localiser Performance with Vertical Guidance)
Why It Matters
- Safety Boost: Provides precise horizontal and vertical guidance, reducing risks of CFIT accidents.
- Accessibility: Enables precision landings at secondary airports that lack ILS infrastructure.
- Cost Efficiency: Eliminates the need for multi-million-dollar ground installations.
- Resilience: Acts as a backup when ILS is unavailable due to maintenance or diversions.
- Global Standing: Positions India among a select group of nations with its own SBAS capability.
How GAGAN Works
- Developed by: ISRO + Airports Authority of India (AAI)
- Mechanism: Enhances GPS signals by correcting errors in real time
- Infrastructure: 15 ground reference stations across India feed correction data
- Satellites: GSAT-8 and GSAT-10 broadcast corrections, ensuring uninterrupted coverage
- Function: Acts as a “proofreader” for GPS, neutralizing anomalies like equatorial ionization errors
Comparison: ILS vs GAGAN LPV
| ILS | GAGAN LPV |
|---|---|
| Ground-based radio transmitters | Satellite signals + augmentation |
| High installation/maintenance cost | Lower infrastructure cost |
| Limited to airports with ILS | Works at airports without ILS |
| Precision in poor weather | Comparable precision, even in low visibility |
| Vulnerable if equipment fails | Backup option when ILS unavailable |
Implications for Indian Aviation
- IndiGo Fleet: Already introduced LPV on ATR turboprops in 2022; now expanding across jets.
- Airport Network: AAI plans 40+ LPV-enabled airports by year-end.
- Future Outlook: Wider adoption expected to reduce delays, diversions, and cancellations during adverse weather.
Next Steps for India
- Broader rollout: GAGAN-enabled procedures across regional airports.
- Integration: Into more airlines’ fleets for nationwide coverage.
- Synergy: Potential with India’s NavIC for enhanced navigation independence.
Countries like India, Russia, and China emphasize indigenous systems to reduce reliance on foreign navigation infrastructure.







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