ISRO Achieves Breakthrough in Now-Casting Lightning Events Over India Using Data From Geo Satellites

ISRO has made a major breakthrough in now-casting lightning events over India using data from geostationary satellites. This advancement, led by ISRO’s National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), enhances predictive accuracy with a 2.5-hour lead time.

Now-casting is the process of predicting imminent weather events with a short lead time, usually within the next 0 to 6 hours. It’s different from traditional weather forecasting, which predicts conditions over days or weeks.

The method relies on detecting lightning signatures in Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) data from the INSAT-3D satellite. A reduction in OLR strength serves as an indicator of potential lightning occurrences. To refine predictions, ISRO incorporated additional meteorological parameters like Land Surface Temperature (LST) and wind, creating a composite variable that improves forecasting accuracy.

 

The dome-shaped enclosure, or radome, for antennae at an NRSC facility

This breakthrough is crucial for disaster management and public safety, as lightning is a dominant natural hazard in tropical regions.

How It Works

• Satellite Observations: ISRO researchers detected lightning signatures in Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) data from the INSAT-3D satellite. A reduction in OLR strength serves as an indicator of potential lightning occurrences.
• Additional Meteorological Parameters: To refine predictions, ISRO incorporated Land Surface Temperature (LST) and wind data, creating a composite variable that improves forecasting accuracy.
• Real-Time Monitoring: The developed composite variable effectively captures variations in lightning activity observed by ground-based measurements, allowing for improved prediction of lightning occurrence and intensity.

Why This Matters:

Lightning is a dominant natural hazard in tropical regions, causing significant damage and loss of life. This breakthrough enables early warnings, helping authorities take preventive measures to reduce risks.